Law firms

Families need lawyers sometimes more than criminals do. It is not always that things go…

How Can One Find A Reliable Divorce Solicitors In Brisbane?

Divorce solicitors are experts in handling divorce cases. Therefore, anytime you are going through a divorce, you need to hire divorce lawyers in Brisbane. However, you have always to remember that going through a divorce can be stressful and complex and can affect you emotionally. Thus, you must always make sure that you are dealing with reliable divorce solicitors.  In this article, we will discuss tips to help you identify the most reliable divorce solicitors so that you can get all the attention and support you need during these tempting times.

Tips For Finding Reliable Divorce Solicitors In Brisbane

In case you are looking for divorce solicitors from the many you come across, you should use the following tips so that you can select reliable divorce solicitors in Brisbane;

  • Understand your needs, goals and objectives

Before you begin with the search for divorce solicitors, you must understand your needs. Find out what you are focused on in the divorce. Start by deciding what you would like to achieve by the end of the divorce proceedings. Do you want financial settlements, property divisions, child custody or spousal support? When you identify your priorities, you will have an easy time choosing the divorce solicitors that will ensure that your needs are met.

  • Check the complexity of your case

Some divorce cases are very easy to solve, while others can be very complex. The nature of your divorce case helps you select the divorce solicitors who can handle your case. Therefore, you should assess the nature of your case so that you can find divorce solicitors with the expertise and experience to handle the case. If you have a complex case, look for divorce solicitors who have handled complex cases in the past. This guarantees you that the divorce solicitors will be able to achieve favourable results for your case.

  • Research on potential solicitors

Since you cannot hire all the divorce solicitors you come across, you should research potential solicitors. Read online reviews and check professional directories so that you can have a list of potential divorce solicitors. From the list of potential divorce solicitors, you will be able to narrow down to the solicitors you will be hiring for your divorce.

  • Evaluate qualification and experience levels

Another thing that will help you find reliable divorce solicitors is evaluating their qualifications and expense levels. For you to get all the support that you need during the divorce, you should look for highly trained and experienced divorce solicitors. Such divorce solicitors have all it takes to handle your divorce, no matter how complex navigating divorce law might be for you.

  • Assess area of expertise

Before you hire your divorce solicitors, you must assess their area of expertise. Make sure that you are hiring solicitors whose area of expertise is divorce law. This way, you can rely on the divorce solicitors you choose to handle your divorce case.

  •  Consider costs of services

The costs of hiring divorce solicitors vary depending on the type of divorce solicitor you hire. If you want to know that you can entirely rely on your divorce solicitors, select the solicitor to whom you can pay their money in full without any delays. This is because delaying the eyes the divorce solicitors charge may make them unavailable for you, which means that you cannot rely on them during your divorce.

  • Read online reviews and testimonials

The best way to identify the most reliable divorce solicitors from the list of potential divorce solicitors you have is by reading online reviews and testimonials . You can select your divorce solicitors depending on the type of reviews these divorce solicitors have.

Finding reliable divorce solicitors during your divorce is very critical. Discover Brisbane’s top-rated divorce solicitors to help you through these trying times.

Why you should outsource legal work to commercial contract lawyers

Outsourcing legal work to commercial contract lawyers can benefit Businesses looking for cost-effective and efficient legal solutions. Organisations face a wide range of legal challenges that require specialised expertise.

Reasons to outsource legal work

Here are some reasons why outsourcing legal work to commercial contract lawyers is a visionary strategic move.

1)Specialisation and Expertise: Commercial lawyers are highly specialised legal professionals with extensive knowledge and expertise in the complexities of business law. They are dedicated to providing precise legal advice on contractual matters, making them a valuable resource for businesses that outsource legal advice. By partnering with these experts, companies can rest assured that their legal concerns are in the hands of experienced professionals who understand the nuances of contract law and can provide tailored solutions to meet their specific needs.

2)Cost savings: The possibility of cost savings is one of the most significant reasons for outsourcing legal services. Employing private lawyers full-time may be very expensive for companies, particularly smaller ones. By avoiding the expenses of hiring a permanent legal team and paying for services only when needed, outsourcing enables businesses to save money on overhead, perks, and salary.

3) Flexibility and Availability: In today’s age, the flexibility of outsourcing legal work is essential in a company environment. Businesses can scale legal services to their present needs without being restricted by the requirement to hire an internal legal team. This flexibility is beneficial when facing unforeseen legal difficulties, expansion, or recession.

4) Focus on Core Capabilities: Companies can avoid being weighed down by legal complexities by outsourcing legal services. This allows them to concentrate on their core capabilities. This determined emphasis on core business operations improves overall productivity. It frees up essential staff to spend their efforts and time on tasks contributing to the company’s success.

5) Prevention of Legal Risks: Active risk management can save a company from facing costly disputes, litigation, and reputational damage. Outsourcing legal services can ensure that experienced professionals are dedicated to minimising the legal risks your company might face. Commercial contract lawyers have expertise in strategies to mitigate risks, helping companies identify and address potential legal troubles before they escalate.

6) Quicker responses: Legal issues frequently call for quick responses. Australia’s top online commercial contract lawyer can guarantee a more flexible and quick response to legal issues. Due to their familiarity and expertise in meeting deadlines, commercial contract lawyers are able to offer quick and practical solutions that let firms handle legal matters with ease and speed.

7) Privacy and Confidentiality: Lawyers who specialise in commercial contracts are aware of how important discretion is to business dealings. Legal work that is outsourced guarantees that private and sensitive data is handled with security. Professional contract lawyers uphold high ethical standards, giving companies a safe space to talk about and address legal issues without compromising confidentiality. The attention to protecting the company’s privacy is essential to preserving confidence and defending the company’s interests.

To sum it up, companies looking for ways to optimise their legal activities can strategically benefit from outsourcing legal services from commercial contract lawyers. The advantages are obvious, ranging from flexibility and cost savings and specialised experience. In a time when efficiency and flexibility are essential for success, using outsourced legal guidance can put companies in a secure position as they manage the complicated legal system.

What you need to know about iPad screen repair

Our daily lives have become solely dependent on iPads, essential for communication, productivity, entertainment, and other purposes. Accidents happen, however, and a cracked or shattered screen is one of the most frequent problems iPad owners might have to deal with. Fortunately, iPad screen repair is an easy fix that can bring back your device’s functioning and visual appeal. The following will cover all the information you need to know about repairing an iPad screen, including sources of damage, types of repairs, and financial factors.

(1) Identifying the Common Causes for the Damage of your iPad Screens: 

Before starting the repair process, understanding the common causes of iPad screen damage is essential. The main reasons are unintentional drops, accident pressure, and exposure to extremely high temperatures. Additionally, keeping your iPad near heavy or sharp things might cause cracks and damage. Even while Apple uses sturdy materials when designing iPads, mishaps might still result in unfortunate damage.

(2) Assessing the severity of the screen damage 

Understanding the degree of the damage is essential to choose the best action plan for repair. Scratches and small cracks may affect the screen’s outer layer. However, more severe injury may cause screens to shatter or cause controls to become unresponsive. You have to know when it is the right time for a screen replacement for your iPad. You can choose the best course of action for repairs by determining the amount of the damage.

Possible repair methods

-Visiting an Apple Store or other Authorized Service Providers: An authorized repair service is usually the best option. Authentic parts and trained technicians with experience fixing iPads are available in Apple Stores and authorized service providers. While this option could be pricey, it guarantees top-notch repairs and keeps the warranty on your gadget intact.

-Third-Party Repair Facilities: Third-party repair facilities offer official repair services and are a more cost-effective substitute. Researching and selecting a reputable repair facility that uses good quality replacement parts and has trained specialists on staff is crucial. However, remember that some repairs performed by a third party could affect your warranty.

-DIY Repair Kits: DIY repair kits are available for people with the necessary technical knowledge and are ready to take on the task. The tools and replacement parts needed for repairs are included in these packages. Although less costly, DIY repairs can be challenging and, if done incorrectly, could result in more damage.

Factors that influence repair prices

The cost of an iPad screen repair might vary significantly based on several things.

Model and Generation: More recent versions with cutting-edge features and technology may require more expensive replacement parts.

Damage severity: Serious damage will require more work and parts, raising costs.

Warranty Protection: If your iPad is still covered, you may qualify for discounted or free repairs.

Steps to repair an iPad screen

-Technical Evaluation: To identify the degree of the damage and the necessary repairs, a technical evaluation is usually the first step in the repair procedure.

-Disassembly: The technician carefully takes the iPad apart, ensuring no other parts are harmed.

-Screen Replacement: A fresh, authentic replacement screen is installed after removing the damaged one.

-Testing: The gadget is thoroughly examined after the repair is finished to ensure that the screen and touch capabilities have been recovered.

-Reassembling: The iPad is back together, and any missing parts are replaced.

Tips on How to Avoid Future Damage

Use a Protective Case: Investing in a reliable and sturdy protective case will help to protect your iPad from drops and other harm.

Screen protectors: Applying a high-quality screen protector provides an additional layer of protection against scratches and other minor impacts.

Safe Storage: When not in use, keep your iPad in a safe place, away from anything that might harm it.

In conclusion, fixing broken or damaged screens on iPads is a viable solution to the problem. Identifying the causes of damage, evaluating its severity, and looking into the alternatives for repair are all critical steps in restoring your gadget to its ideal state. You may extend the life of your valued item and continue to enjoy all of its benefits by taking preventative actions and being knowledgeable about repair choices.

Five Major Factors to Consider When Hiring Security Guards at Sydney

In whatever business you are involved in, you may fall victim to vandalism, theft and intrusion among others. Thus, there is a need to hire security guards to be part of your staff to guarantee the security of your staff and assets.

Fortunately, there are several security agencies across Sydney in Australia with high-level security guards that take their work seriously. They are involved with monitoring people entering/leaving your premises, checking security cameras, and also patrolling the buildings.

Here are some of the factors that you need to take a closer look at when hiring security guards to protect your assets.

What to consider when hiring security guards?

  • Size and nature of your business

When hiring security guards, the first thing that you need to keep in mind is the size and nature of your business, as it will greatly influence the type of guards to opt for. For example, for a bank, you will need highly-trained security guards that can detect and stop crime. On the other hand, you only need guards that can prevent shoplifting for a retail store. Hence, you have to know your worth before bringing in the right security guards.

  • Well-trained and licensed

No matter the type or size of your business, you should always go for security guards that are trained and licensed to offer their services. Many security agencies have a well-outlined procedure for vetting applicants and selecting the best that qualify for the job. The successful applicants then undergo vigorous training after which they are made available to the public.

  • They should be insured

Keeping in mind the risky nature of the security job, it is important that the guards are insured by their agencies so that in case they experience violence while on your property and require medical attention, they can easily be assisted by the company that insured them. This will help to lessen your burden and give you time to focus on your business and let the security guards take care of other things as required.

  • They have monitoring technology

 Currently, most businesses have impressed the use of technology in the greater part of their daily operations. To be more precise, security agencies have deployed a mobile monitoring app that is capable of keeping the business owner up-to-date with reports from the security guards around his or her company. The app also allows the owner to monitor the guards’ movements at any point in time. This way, the owner can affirm that the guards are doing their job and if not, then he or she calls them to order immediately. Comvision offers body cameras and other equipment that security personnel can use in monitoring an area.

  • Clearly-defined services

Before approaching any security agency, you should first find out if they have an elaborate set of services that they can guarantee you in case you become their client. This will give you an insight into what to expect from the company and the benefits that you will reap as one of their clients.

Hiring security guards in your business premises is one of the most demanding tasks yet it cannot be avoided. So you have to take all the time in going through the above factors and make sure that the choice you make on the security agency to work with is just what your business needs. You can also go a step further and engage experts in helping you to choose the best security agency.

Gold Coast solicitors: helping you with important legal issues

When it comes to legal matters, it is important that you have a consultation with a experienced solicitor. Each person has a unique situation and there are times when they might not even need the help of lawyer but in order to make sure that you are not at a loss and not violating any laws, it is better to go and seek legal counsel.

Why hire Gold Coast solicitors

When you hire a solicitor, you can be assured that they will offer you unbiased legal advise. You ou need to find somebody who provides you legal advise regarding your new business or the divorce settlement.

If you think that you can save time and money by not hiring a lawyer, you could actually create a problem for yourself. Filing incorrect paper work for the entire case would also delay the legal procedure. Sometimes such a problem may lead to the case being dismissed all together.

When you hire a solicitor, they will explain you all the options that you have and they can also help you avoid serious penalties before the proceeding starts. If you are a business owner and you need legal advice, you can get to meet up with a business solicitor. They will help you understand commercial law and also provide you legal expertise to ensure that you are on the right side of the law. For anyone looking to start a business, the process can be stressful. However, it is important that the regulations should be made with and it is only after the right legal advise that you can do so.

Solicitors can help you save money in the long run. It will also help protect your business plus they are also going to help you in any future legal issues. A solicitor is someone who will be able to explain to you various areas of the business and they will also make sure that then negotiate the contract on your behalf. The best option for any business owner is to get legal advise on  tax matters and Business models.

They can help you achieve the desired result. The right lawyer also makes an effort on the behalf of the client to ensure that things go in their favor. If you are looking for a solution you need help from an experienced lawyer. Majority of people are unaware of how they might navigate legal action. There is a lot more that goes on behind the scenes and this is where a expert solicitor will be able to assist you. They will be able to help with various issues and it is necessary for you to procure the services of a solicitor in order to ensure that everything is according to the law.

Nobody wants to get into trouble where it concerns the law and therefore it is essential that all legal matters should be dealt with in a responsible manner. Keeping these things in mind would help you hire the right Gold Coast solicitors.

 

Tips to get legal aid in Hervey Bay

Hiring a lawyer can be quite expensive. It doesn’t matter whether you want them to go over the contract or if you are facing a legal dilemma, you need to spend a lot of money if you hire a lawyer. Lawyers usually charge between $100- 300 an hour. However some people do not have enough money to spare and they might be looking for free legal advice.

Usually during criminal proceedings, if you cannot afford to hire a lawyer, the court will appointment for you. On the other hand when it comes to civil cases you need to be represented by a lawyer and you have to find someone who would be willing to offer you advice for free.

Finding legal aid in Hervey Bay

There are certain things which can help you get legal advice without spending a great deal of money. The first thing that you can do is to contact the city or the local Court house. There are certain courts that offer free assistance to individuals who are willing to file their own paperwork. However you may need to directly contact the court house to consider what resources are available for individuals who cannot afford to pay the legal fees.

There are also of you lawyers who might offer free consultations through phone or through video conference. Even a 15 minute call would get you an idea of what you are in for. This way you can also get some guidance for free or if there is an attorney who does not charge an arm or a leg you might be referred to them.

You can also get help from the legal at society that are non profit organizations which offer free services to people from the low income group. However it should be kept in mind that even if you do have a low income it is not a given that you would receive any sort of legal aid. Although you need to make sure that you are eligible for it. Get to know about local non profits which connect people from low incomes to free legal advisors within the community.

Sometimes visiting a law school is also a good idea. Most of these schools have a pro bono or program with the students offer free legal advice. If there is a local University of law in your area you may find some sort of legal aid available.

Getting help from the local bar association is also a good idea. They offer half an hour consultations for a nominal fee of around $30 you might also want to visit a small claims Court but this is not good option for everyone. For example you may not get help from a small claim score if you are looking to sort out the financial affairs after a separation. However if someone whose your money and are trying to collect money from you then you can consider going to a small claims court.

Once you have a talk with a family law firm in Hervey Bay, you need to decide whether you need the help of a lawyer and find somebody who might be willing to work in a small budget. A lawyer can give you a discount and there also lawyers who might offer payment plans which would allow you to make monthly installments instead of having to pay the amount at the same time. If you are able to find a pro Bono or someone who is willing to take the case on contingency basis you are good to go.

 

Responsibilities of a Compensation Lawyer

What are the responsibilities of an injury lawyer? Whether it is a broken arm during construction work or a back injury instigated by heavy lifting during work or a hearing impairment due to heavy noise pollution at the workplace, compensation is non-negotiable. Compensation lawyers deal with such accidents that occur in the workplace. And it is their duty to ensure that victims get justice and rightful compensation. In some extreme cases, workers find themselves terminally incapacitated therefore, someone must take responsibility – compensate. If by any chance you find yourself in such a situation, the most reasonable step to take is to engage a compensation lawyer to stand on your behalf and advocate for your rightful compensation.

Now you know why compensation or personal injury lawyers do, and you know to what extent they can assist you to get your rightful compensation. As you know, the legal fraternity is wide, you cannot bump into any legal firm for assistance. There are legal professionals specialising in workers’ compensation. Here are some of the responsibilities you expect a compensation lawyer to undertake in their day to day activities.

Help their clients understand compensation laws

When you find yourself in a scenario in which you think you are entitled to compensation from the employer, you must first consult compensation lawyers. They will help you understand what kind of compensation you are entitled to and to what extent? Using the relevant evidence and data collected at the scene of the accident, the compensation lawyer will be able to give you an approximate figure to expect as part of your compensation. They will assess your case and determine whether your case is worth pursuing or letting go of. It is the duty of a compensation lawyer to pursue legal battles on your behalf against your employer.

Gather data and medical evidence at the scene of the accident

Medical evidence is admissible in the labour courts and they help solidify claimants’ course to compensation. Medical reports from a doctor are recommended, with credible evidence from a doctor, leaving the rest to a compensation lawyer. Most defendants in claims row are insurance companies because most companies insure their employers against injuries at the workplace.

Undertaking legal research pertaining to compensation law

Workplace injuries vary a lot, Rockhampton lawyers conduct a lot of research to determine the kind of claim their clients are entitled to. Most of the research goes on how accidents happen at the workplace and the adverse effects inflicted on workers. Injuries at the workplace are categorized hence most of the accidents happening fall into certain categories and it is the duty of a compensation lawyer to determine where your case falls in. Some accidents happen due to negligence from the workers while others are as a result of negligence from the employers. Whatever the case, your compensation lawyer should be able to provide the backbone to your legal accusations.

Contribute to legal developments

Things tend to move with a supersonic speed in the legal fraternity. It is their solemn duty to remain at par with the latest developments and even contributes to legal framework development. They contribute to existing knowledge through studying and researching relevant legal work.

Drafting legal documents

It is the duty of a compensation lawyer to draft pleadings, motions, findings and facts that can be used in the labour court. It can be overwhelming for non-legal minds to document and represent workers in labour courts.

Basic information regarding different law firms

Law firms could comprise of a single attorney or they could be multi staffed legal organizations. Usually the lawyers working at a firm are experienced with handling all sorts of legal issues which any business might be facing. It should be kept in mind that law firms might specialize in a certain genre. It all depends upon your particular kind of legal issue. You would need to determine which law firm you should be going to based upon the type of practice. For example you may need to observe and choose between litigation, criminal, defense or transactional.

When it comes to solving legal issues there is no one size fits all solution. This is why it is so important to choose the right law firm because it can make an impact on your outcome.

You may need to consider number of factors when hiring a law firm these include your finances, your geographical location and your own personal preference.

Following is a list of different types of law firms found in most areas.

Single attorney firms

These are sole practitioners and are responsible for handling legal matters on a variety of topics. Like personal injury or even family law. Some lawyers specialize in one particular area. Working with a solo lawyer comes with its own benefits. It is a good option especially if you are on a tight budget. They tend to be generally less expensive then the larger legal firms.  They may outsource the staff by hiring paralegals and legal experts to assist them in special cases. Another benefit is that you might get undivided attention of your lawyer. This also has made communication easier.

Smaller law firms

These  are law firms which usually employed two to ten lawyers. These individuals are close knit circle and somehow retain the feel of a sole law firm. Client may receive one-on-one attention but they would also enjoy representation on a wide range of legal subjects.

Full service law firms

A full-service law firm comprises of dozens of lawyers, paralegals, the administrative staff and human resource specialist. At a large law firm you can be assured that the specialize in all the areas of law and have a big legal department. They are able to handle all kind of legal work which might include business transactions and even criminal matters. They also work in the family law genre.

It is necessary that you carry out research when looking for lawyers in Brisbane to represent you or your business. the best way to find out about all of them is by taking a look at the website and reading the testimonials of the previous clients. Another way to find out about a law firm is to approach people who you think may have hired lawyers in the past. These people are a treasure trove of information. They not only help you find a lot of firms who would be able to help you but you also get information about their experiences with them.

Why you need commercial litigation lawyers in Melbourne

When you are a business owner, you have to be aware that some legal issues may affect your business’s success. When you are aware of these legal issues, you can know the kind of effort you have to put in your business for it to succeed despite the legal issues.

One of the things that you can do is to work closely with a commercial litigation lawyer. Apart from having a commercial litigation lawyer, you have to ensure that you have a professional and an experienced lawyer.  Although most people do not hire these lawyers, they play a huge part in the success of any business. If you have never thought of any reasons that may make hire commercial litigation lawyers, think about the following:

 To get legal advice whenever you need it

One of the differences between you and a commercial litigation lawyer is the knowledge both of you have regarding the business industry. Your commercial litigation lawyer knows so much about the industry than you know, especially when you are a young entrepreneur. Therefore, you have to ensure that you have someone who can offer you the legal advice that you need to keep you running in this field.  The commercial litigation lawyers will also ensure that they offer you the legal advice that will help ensure that you protect your business and yourself.

To get help in resolving disputes

When you are running a business, you should expect to have a particular dispute within and even out of our business. Most of Melbourne’s people have a very hard time n resolving these disputes, which can lead to the business’s failure. To avoid this, you have to ensure that you have a commercial litigation lawyer who can help you resolve any disputes that arise as you run your business.  Commercial litigation lawyers always have ways to help you resolve the involved parties without affecting your reputation or the business.

For legal representation

Like business disputes, you should expect to have different cases that you should answer in the court of law at times. It would be best if you had someone who can professionally represent your business so that you can have the cases answered. If you are to represent your business every time the court calls, you will be wasting so much time, and this means that very many things in the business will be left unattended. However, when you have a commercial litigation lawyer who can help you answer to the court, you will have a very easier time.  This is because the commercial litigation lawyer will always make themselves available every time the court requires you. For this reason, you will be able to have legal representation at any time you are in your business.

Get all your legal procedures handled by a professional

A very high percentage of business owners in Melbourne cannot file court documents and cases.  You have to know that you may end up getting your business in very great trouble when you file the documents or your cases incorrectly, and you could have your case delayed. This is why you need to ensure that you have the assistance of Melbourne commercial litigation law specialists who can help you ensure that all your legal procedures are handled in time and correctly.

Law firms

Families need lawyers sometimes more than criminals do. It is not always that things go as planned in a family, and as a result, you may need your lawyer to help you get your affairs in order. A family attorney may help you in case you have a court case that calls for experience. Issues like will preparation also need the careful scrutiny, and attention of your lawyer should your demise come to happen. Lastly, divorces happen from time to time; your spouse may take children and wealth custody unfairly if a lawyer is absent to oversee the process in court. Finding the right lawyer for your family is, therefore, a major boost to getting your things done right.

How to find the best divorce lawyer

A lot of issues are often at stake when it comes to divorces. Ranging from child custody rights to property division, divorces may tend to get very messy sometimes, which is why you need an attorney. To find the right attorney, here is what to look for before hiring.

Seek references

Talk to people in your social circle for recommendations on some of the nest names they know or might have worked with. This saves your time and energy when preparing a shortlist of potential divorce attorneys to hire for your case. People that know you are likely to give solid references that may go a long way to ensuring a peaceful and fair divorce.

Use the internet to aid your search.

Ranging from ratings to reviews, there are a number of factors you can use to judge the authenticity of your potential divorce attorney. The internet has divorce attorney websites in your locality, and it is upon you to scrutinise their sites looking for the best one to hire. Positive reviews and 5-star ratings should be your top motivators into giving out a contract.

Check qualifications and experience.

Before hiring lawyers Gold Coast, ensure they are well qualified for the job. Assess their academic and legal credentials to ensure they are authentic. Find out the institutions attended and whether or not they have the license to operate within your region. This mitigates chances of outsourcing a fraud out to steal from you.

Why you need a divorce lawyer

Indicated above are a few reasons why you may need an attorney to help you see your divorce case through. Below are some of the advantages of hiring a divorce attorney today.

Their expertise

This is the main reason you hire an attorney, for what they know that you do not know especially concerning courthouses. Divorce attorneys know how to prepare for a case, and besides with them, you can be hopeful of a fair divorce dispute settlement.

Peace of mind

Such trying times may leave your mind jammed up to even plan your next moves. With a divorce attorney, the weight shifts from your shoulders to theirs, allowing you to deal with your emotional baggage in peace. It may be detrimental to your health to go through with this process without a lawyer to hold your hand.

Paperwork and court processes

The amount of paperwork needed in a court scares many people, especially the newbies. Preparing them in the order, they are needed in is something lawyers have specialised in. Find a divorce attorney to help you with the paperwork easily and the multiple court processes unknown to you.